Food additives permitted in the EU: acidity regulators
Below is a review of some of acidity regulators or pH control agents, such as carbon dioxide and carbonates, or acetic acid and lactic acid and their salts, present in the list of food additives approved in the European Community on the basis of the European Commission regulation No 1129/2011 published on 11 November 2011. This list is an amendment of Annex II to Regulation (EC) No. 1333/2008 of the European Parliament, then modified in 2013. Such list in its entirety is available by following the link in the References.
| Acidity regulators: carbon dioxide and carbonates | |
| E170 | Calcium carbonate |
| E290 | Carbon dioxide |
| E500 | Sodium carbonates |
| E501 | Potassium carbonates |
| E503 | Ammonium carbonates |
| E504 | Magnesium carbonates |
| Acidity regulators: acetic acid and its salts | |
| E260 | Acetic acid |
| E261 | Potassium acetate |
| E262 | Sodium acetate |
| E263 | Calcium acetate |
| Acidity regulators: lactic acid and its salts | |
| E270 | Lactic acid |
| E325 | Sodium lactate |
| E326 | Potassium lactate |
| E327 | Calcium lactate |
| Acidity regulators: citric acid and its salts | |
| E330 | Citric acid |
| E331 | Sodium citrate |
| E332 | Potassium citrate |
| E333 | Calcium citrate |
| E380 | Triammonium citrate |
| Acidity regulators: tartaric acid and its salts | |
| E334 | Tartaric acid (L(+)-) |
| E335 | Sodium tartrate |
| E336 | Potassium tartrate |
| E337 | Sodium potassium tartrate |
| E353 | Metatartaric acid |
| E354 | Calcium tartrate |
| Acidity regulators: phosphoric acid and its salts | |
| E338 | Phosphoric acid |
| E339 | Sodium phosphate |
| E340 | Potassium phosphate |
| E341 | Calcium phosphate |
| E343 | Magnesium phosphate |
| E450 | Diphosphates |
| E451 | Triphosphates |
| E452 | Polyphosphates |
| E541 | Sodium aluminium phosphate |
| Acidity regulators: malic acid and its salts | |
| E296 | Malic acid |
| E350 | Sodium malate |
| E351 | Potassium malate |
| E352 | Calcium malate |
| pH control agents: adipic acid and its salts | |
| E355 | Adipic acid |
| E356 | Sodium adipate |
| E357 | Potassium adipate |
| Hydrochloric acid and its salts | |
| E507 | Hydrochloric acid |
| E508 | Potassium chloride |
| E509 | Calcium chloride |
| E511 | Magnesium chloride |
| E512 | Stannous chloride |
| pH control agents: sulphuric acid and its salts | |
| E513 | Sulphuric acid |
| E514 | Sodium sulphate |
| E515 | Potassium sulphate |
| E516 | Calcium sulphate |
| E517 | Ammonium sulphate |
| E520 | Aluminium sulphate |
| E521 | Aluminium sodium sulphate |
| E522 | Aluminium potassium sulphate |
| E523 | Aluminium ammonium sulphate |
| Other acids and their salts | |
| E297 | Fumaric acid |
| E363 | Succinic acid |
| E385 | Calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate or calcium disodium EDTA |
| pH control agents: alkalis | |
| E524 | Sodium hydroxide |
| E525 | Potassium hydroxide |
| E526 | Calcium hydroxide |
| E527 | Ammonium hydroxide |
| E528 | Magnesium hydroxide |
| E529 | Calcium oxide |
| E530 | Magnesium oxide |
| Other salts | |
| E535 | Sodium ferrocyanide |
| E536 | Potassium ferrocyanide |
| E538 | Calcium ferrocyanide |
References
- Bender D.A. “Benders’ Dictionary of Nutrition and Food Technology” 8th ed. Woodhead Publishing. Oxford, 2006
- Commission Regulation (EU) No 1129/2011 of 11 November 2011 amending Annex II to Regulation (EC) No 1333/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council by establishing a Union list of food additives. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/1129/2013-11-21